What are emergent properties?

What are emergent properties?
Ans: The complex relationships between the components in a system mean that a system is more than simply the sum of its parts. It has properties that are properties of the system as a whole and cannot be attributed to any specific part of the system, known as ‘emergent properties’.
There are two types of emergent properties:
1. Functional emergent properties when the purpose of a system only emerges after its components are integrated. For example, a bicycle has the functional property of being a transportation device once it has been assembled from its components.

2. Non-functional emergent properties, which relate to the behavior of the system in its operational environment. Reliability, performance, safety, and security are examples of emergent properties.